• The first is through the annual “green card diversity lottery,” held each year by the Department of Homeland Security, for citizens of countries that have “low rates of immigration” to the United States. Millions of people from specified countries around the world apply to take part in the lottery, but only 50,000 green cards are made available through the process. Each participant in the lottery is issued a number, the government draws about 150,000 numbers, and the people with those numbers then are allowed to apply for one of the 50,000 slots.

• The second way to gain legal entry is to be a spouse, sibling, child or parent of an American citizen or the spouse or minor child of someone who holds a green card and is willing to sponsor your entrance into the United States.

• The third is through an employer, who must complete a lengthy application process that requires proof that the has a unique skill necessary to the business.

THERE ARE other provisions of immigration law that allow people who are seeking asylum to gain legal entry into the country, but being granted asylum is an extraordinarily difficult process.

An additional number of other immigrants are admitted each year under temporary work permits and student visas, however those visas generally do not permit conversion to immigrant status, and they require the holder to leave after a specified length of stay.

And then there is the “S” visa. Essentially a free pass, the visa is awarded only to those who work for law enforcement and must be applied for by law-enforcement officials. The Mayas say immigration officials promised them the “S” visa, but then reneged.

According to immigration officials, only 250 “S” visas are available each year, and fewer than 60 were awarded in 2009.

CONGRESS last year set immigration visa limits at 700,000 for employment and family preferences, excluding refugees and those entering the country on temporary work or student visas.

In 2008, the total number of immigrants admitted to the country (excluding refugees and those on temporary non-tourist visas) tallied just under 750,000.

Source: Daily Free Man

Many DV lottery sites estimate the chances of winning the lottery based on the overall chances of getting selected. These odds are dependent on the number of entrants and other factors. For DV-2011, we previously estimated that approximately 17 million will register for the calendar year 2009 lottery from eligible countries.
If accurate, then the overall chances of receiving a winning letter from the U.S. State Department are 100,000 in 17 million, or 0.6 percent (one in 170). However, the odds of getting a visa are 50% of that, since only 50,000 of the initial 100,000 are actually issued a visa. This means the overall odds are not 1 in 170, but closer to 1 in 340. But is this really true?

Once all applications are received by the cutoff date and the Department of State performs its lottery, 100,000 winners are chosen at random by their computers. A maximum of 50,000 will eventually obtain immigrant visas or greencard. The remaining 50,000 initially chosen will not qualify for the visas for various reasons. What this also means is that there will not be a sufficient number of visas for all of those who are initially selected. And all applicants who are selected will be informed promptly by postal mail (not e-mail) of their place on the list, or they can determine their winning status online.

Each month the Department of State determines how many visas will be issued (numbers permitting) to those applicants who are ready for issuance either by having completed the appropriate forms and submitting documents within the U.S., via CIS, or abroad to U.S. consular offices.

The Department of State will assign each application to one of six geographic regions of the world: 1) Africa, 2) Asia, 3) Europe, 4) North America, 5) Oceania, and 6) South America, Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. Of course, some of these regions contain countries that are ineligible for a particular year’s DV lottery.
When selected, each application will be assigned an application number. This number will determine where on the list an applicant stands within his/her country and region of origin. For some applicants, it is nothing more than an identification characteristic; for others it will actually determine when and if they can receive an immigrant visa or greencard, as we explain in the next article.

[source: Examiner]